geology is ... the science that deals with the dynamics and physical history of the earth, the rocks of which it is composed, and the physical, chemical, and biological changes that the earth has undergone or is undergoing.There are 3 types of ricks IGNEOUS,sydemitry,and metamorphic.the earth is made of rocks. this is the rock cycle....
how the 3 types of rocks are formed:
Igneous: Formed when lava or magma cools forming rocks. Metamorphic: They are former sedimentary or igneous rocks that were compacted in to new rocks.
Sedimentary: Formed when sediments are placed at the bottom of the water.
the sun plays a role in sedimentary formation. sedimentary formation is affected by the water cycle and also water erosion.the sun can drive the water cycle and erode the rocks.and the sun can cause water to be evaporated and not so much rocks being eroded.
CRYstal size of igneous rocks:1.Understand the effects of cooling rate on crystal size.
2.understand how rapid cooling can led to crystal fractionalization.
When magma cools, crystals form because the solution is super-saturated with respect to some minerals. If the magma cools quickly, the crystals do not have much time to form, so they are very small. If the magma cools slowly, then the crystals have enough time to grow and become large. Some granites contain minerals which are up to one meter across
Granite with large K-feldspar crystals
Diorite with large Ca-feldspar crystals
Age: Geologists generally know the age of a rock by determining the age of the group of rocks, or formation, that it is found in. The age of formations is marked on a geologic calendar known as the geologic time scale. Development of the geologic time scale and dating of formations and rocks relies upon two fundamentally different ways of telling time: relative and absolute.
thats is a picture of a half-life.This is a exponential decay graph that demonstrates that half-life curve of parent and daughter material.
there is a DIFFERENT way to tell rocks age and its called relative dating. they tell the age by comparing to thing by being old or young. This is what it looks like (below)
Relative dating :is the science of determining the relative order of past events, without necessarily determining their absolute age.
ice cores:
an ice core is a core sample that is typically removed from an ice sheet, most commonly from the polar ice caps ofantartica,greenland or from high mountain glaciers else where.
This ice is has layers from thousand of years compressed into one. By seeing how much methane and CO2 there is in the ice, can tell us what the temperature was like.
This line graph shows us the CO2 levels and how they've changed. This graph is used to demonstrate data from the Vostok Ice Cores. The amount on the graph are from thousands of years ago.